Formulation and Evaluation of Phytosomes of Herbal Plant

Abstract

Phyllanthus reticulatus phytosomes were developed and tested in this work with the hope of improving the bioavailability, stability, and therapeutic effectiveness of the plant's bioactive chemicals. After collecting and drying the aerial portions of P. reticulatus, a hydroalcoholic solvent was used for extraction. Significant, concentration-dependent activity was observed in the in-vitro antioxidant evaluation of the extract (HEPR) using DPPH and hydroxyl radical scavenging assays. Critical formulation variables such as the phospholipid:cholesterol ratio, temperature, and sonication time were considered in the optimization of HEPR-loaded phytosomes using Box-Behnken Design. The phytosomes were manufactured utilizing the antisolvent precipitation method. The improved phytosomes showed homogeneous dispersion, spherical shape, and nanosized vesicles (157-253 nm) with a high entrapment effectiveness (55-73%). Physical and chemical analyses with DLS, TEM, FTIR, and DSC verified that HEPR was successfully integrated into the phospholipid matrix without causing any chemical reactions. Phytosomal formulation has the ability to enhance antioxidant delivery and therapeutic efficacy, as demonstrated by in-vitro release tests that demonstrated sustained drug release relative to plain extract.

Keywords: Phyllanthus reticulates, Hydroalcoholic extract (HEPR), Phytosome, Antioxidant activity, Vesicle size, Entrapment efficiency, Box–Behnken design, Controlled drug release