Amniocentesis in Prenatal Diagnosis for Chromosomal Abnormalities

Abstract

Amniocentesis is a vital diagnostic tool in prenatal care, providing accurate detection of chromosomal abnormalities. This minimally invasive procedure involves obtaining amniotic fluid under ultrasound guidance for genetic analysis. It is recommended for advanced maternal age, abnormal prenatal screening results, or a family history of genetic conditions. While advancements in non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) have gained traction, amniocentesis remains the gold standard for confirmatory diagnosis. Complications, including miscarriage, have significantly decreased due to improved techniques. This article highlights the indications, diagnostic accuracy, outcomes, and risks of amniocentesis, emphasizing its role in modern obstetrics and the future of prenatal diagnosis.

Keywords: Amniocentesis, chromosomal abnormalities, prenatal diagnosis, advanced maternal age, genetic disorders