Evaluating Amniocentesis for Chromosomal Abnormalities in Prenatal Diagnosis: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Amniocentesis is an established invasive procedure for diagnosing chromosomal abnormalities during pregnancy. This study aims to evaluate its efficacy and safety in a high-risk population.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities detected via amniocentesis and to examine the associated complications.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted involving 150 pregnant women who underwent amniocentesis at a tertiary care center. Inclusion criteria included women aged 18-40 years with high-risk pregnancies. Exclusion criteria comprised those with a history of miscarriage or active infections.

Results: Chromosomal abnormalities were identified in 20% of cases, with trisomy 21 being the most common abnormality (10%). The overall complication rate was low, with a miscarriage rate of 1.3%.

Conclusion: Amniocentesis remains a reliable method for the prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities, providing crucial information for clinical decision-making and management of high-risk pregnancies.

Keywords: Amniocentesis, prenatal diagnosis, chromosomal abnormalities, trisomy 21, karyotyping.