Neuroprotective Plants: A Review

Abstract

Enhanced oxidative stress in the central nervous system (CNS) is a consequence of an overactive metabolism and an inadequate antioxidant defence mechanism. More and more evidence from experiments suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) have a role in neurodegenerative diseases. The term "neuroprotection" describes measures taken to keep neurones' structures and functions intact in the face of threats from cellular damages brought on by various chemicals or neurological illnesses. Several neurodegenerative diseases, such as schizophrenia, depression, Alzheimer's disease, dementia, cerebrovascular impairment, seizure disorders, parkinsonism, and head injuries, may severely limit a person's ability to operate. These disorders may be reduced or avoided with the use of antioxidants, which inactivate them. The ancient Indian medicinal practice of Ayurveda has linked the antioxidant and neuroprotective effects of some plants to a range of health benefits. An ancient medical system known as Ayurveda has found a number of plants that have antioxidant and therapeutic effects on neurological diseases. Research has shown that extracts from Bacopa monniera may boost cognitive function in humans. Bacopa extract has antioxidant qualities, according to reports. Research has shown that ginkgo biloba may reduce free oxygen radical levels. Withania somnifera extracts improve antioxidant status in oxidative stress-induced neurodegeneration. It is still need to investigate many more plants to see whether they possess any neuroprotective properties. According to the study, many of the medicinal plants used in Ayurveda and Chinese medicine have a wide range of components and phytochemicals that may have a neuroprotective effect. This might be useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric diseases.

Keywords: Neuroprotection; Antioxidant; Neurodegenerative disease; Medicinal herbs.