A Comprehensive Review on Preparation Methods, Importance and Future Prospect of Liposomes

Abstract

Liposomes are uni-/multilamellar phospholipid vesicles composed of concentric spherical layers of aqueous zones sandwiched between phospholipid membranes. Both water and oil soluble drugs can be encapsulated in the liposomes either in the aqueous zone or the lipid-bilayers according to their solubility. The aim of NDDS is to provide a therapeutic amount of drug to the appropriate site in the body to accomplish promptly and then maintain the desired drug concentration. The application of liposomes to assist drug delivery has already had a major impact on many biomedical areas. Understanding the advances in liposomal technology to date and the challenges that still need to be overcome, will allow future research to improve on existing platforms and to address the current translational and regulatory limitations. Advances in liposome design are leading to new applications for the delivery of new biotechnology products, for example antisense oligonucleotides, cloned genes, and recombinant proteins. New drug delivery systems have been developed or are being developed to overcome the limitation of the conventional drug delivery systems to meet the need of the healthcare profession. The unique feature of liposomes is that they are biocompatible and biodegradable lipids, and are inert and non-immunogenic.